Circuits design and application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Circuits design and application - Essay ExampleHere the sidetrack of the analyzer is audio, so it can use any scope for the display. The analyzer social functions as a Tunable RF Voltmeter. This makes it function as a natural manslayer / transmitter tracing signals. A display of the frequency is provided using the analyzer on a transmitter. Owing to the high sensitivity of the instrument signal tracing receiver circuits are permitted from the antenna through the low-level Radio Frequency stages. Whereas a conventional RF voltmeter adds up all the individual voltages as a summation without indicating the components it is not the case with a spectrum analyzer. Additionally the analyzer displays local oscillator signal and its frequency and injection levels.A tracking generator added to the basic spectrum analyzer makes a powerful receiver system for measurements of stimulus-responses. The tracking generator is a signal source whose RF output tracks the tuning of the analyzer. Si nce the instantaneous output frequency is matched with the input frequency of the analyzer, this swept frequency discharge system actually substitutes for an effective synchronous sensing element. This ideally caters to the measurement of the frequency response of tresss such as amplifiers, attenuators, mixers, contagion lines, couplers and even antennas used with an external bridge. Two or more oscillators mixed together generate the output. normal application of the tracking generator consists of the RF output being connected to the device under test and its output in turn connected to input of the spectrum analyzer. The display resulting is the instantaneous plotting of the frequency response of the device under test. If one were looking out for a CRT display all that was needed was a 3 digit readout that could display 0 to 500 MHZ directly covering anywhere from a few MHZ to several hundred. Besides the conventional all-digital circuit result there exists an alternate solut ion based on the Precision Frequency-to-voltage converter IC, along with the output of the pre-scaler IC. This is a low cost preference for directly displaying the received frequency of almost any receiver. Simple adjustments to a potentiometer is all that is require to accommodate any IF frequency from zero to hundreds of MHZ. When the circuit is designed with a digital voltmeter and the DVM set on the 20 volt scale, 0 to 500 MHZ will be displayed as 0.00 to 5.00 volts. Front table LayoutInstead nowadays we have the digital panel meter module such as the preceding(prenominal) which is ideal and reads directly in MHZ.Typical Design specifications for a Spectrum AnalyzerR3132 9 kHz to 3 gigahertz R3132N 9 kHz to 2.2 GHz (75 ohms) R3162 9 kHz to 8 GHz Signal ingenuousness - 105 dBc/Hz 20 kHz stir up 100 dBc/Hz 10 kHz Offset Total Level Accuracy - Maximum 1.5 dB High-speed GPIB, Effective for System Applications High bucket along amount - 20 Traces per Second 6.5-inch TFT Color LCD Built-in Frequency Counter 3 GHz Tracking Generator (Option) Floppy Disk for Data Saving Large Numeric Display for Measurement Results (In Counter and Power Measurement Mode) Printer Port RS-232 Port VGA output 20 dB Preamp QP detector and EMC filtersSpectrum analyzers are used widely to make measurements of radio frequencies. Performances at high levels are guaranteed as compared to a few years ago.